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Scientific Notation Rules
Scientific notation writes numbers as a coefficient (1-9.999) times a power of 10. 45,600,000 = 4.56 × 10⁷. 0.00032 = 3.2 × 10⁻⁴. The exponent tells you how many places the decimal moves: positive exponent = large number, negative = small number.
Multiplication: multiply coefficients, add exponents. (3 × 10⁴) × (2 × 10³) = 6 × 10⁷. Division: divide coefficients, subtract exponents. (6 × 10⁸) ÷ (3 × 10⁵) = 2 × 10³. Addition/subtraction: make exponents the same first, then add/subtract coefficients.